Abstract
The paper presents a technique to observe experimental backscatter of SHF from the sea. Analysis of spatial structure of microwave sea echo shows that spectral characteristics of the radar reflected pulse (wavelengths 3 and 10 cm) are determined in general by angle of incidence and the azimuthal divergence of the illuminated area. A non-linear effect is considered to attempt to explain fine structure in the spectrum of the backscattered signal. Temporal characteristics of radar backscattering were studied by Doppler measurements (wavelength 1.5 cm). We investigated a deviation of radar signal statistical distribution from the Raleigh one and how this deviation connects with sea surface state. Variations of Doppler spectrum gives us the possibility to obtain some information about capillary-gravitational waves which are modulated by large-scale waves.