Abstract
Environment protection and sustainability are harmonious and sustainability can be achieved by protecting our natural resources. This chapter presents an overview of the different types of problems affecting the environment and recent advances in environmental protection strategies. The role and potential of rhizospheric microorganisms in plant growth in disturbed soils is presented. Agro-industrial wastes and municipal solid wastes management options are discussed; the various sustainable solutions are also highlighted. The health effects of dyes and their different remedial treatment process and also the potential of peroxidases for treatment of dyes are discussed. The resistance and transfer genes in microorganisms and their molecular detection methods are explained along with the ability of environmental bacteria to form biofilms. The biochemical attributes for the assessment of soil ecosystem sustainability and the various methods involved in genotoxicity testing of environmental pollutants are summarized. Pesticides bioremediation strategies from soil and wastewater and the biodegradation of cyanobacteria and their toxins are outlined. The cause of Alfalfa damping off and the characterization of the causal agent are discussed. The significance of biochemical compounds derived from legumes and rhizobacteria (rhizodeposits) with potential in biotechnology are explained. The pulp and paper industry is a big sector and generates large amounts of wastewater; the treatment processes are briefly presented. The contamination of shooting range soils with heavy metals is a matter of concern and the remediation processes are discussed. The chapter ends with the role of biopesticides in sustainable agriculture. Thus, whole work concluded the ill effects of different types of pollution and the waste generated by human activities in the environment. Current trends involved in the remediation and the technologies used for this purpose are presented in detail.