Abstract
Nanotechnology has great impact on the present scenario of wastewater treatment because of their particle size and surface area. Nanomaterials such as metals, metal oxide, low cast adsorbent, nanocatalyst, organic macromolecules composite, and other compounds such as natural organic matter, fullerenes, dendrimers, dyes, chitosan, enzyme, various shaped nanostructures such as nanorods, nanowires and nanotubes (both organic and inorganic) ultrathin films and nanomembrane are used in wastewater treatment. Nanotechnology is an advanced technology used for the cleanup of contaminated water by nanocatalysts, nanofilteration or membrane filtration, and the adsorption of pollutants via nanoscale materials. The use of carbonaceous nanomaterial membranes can serve as high capacity and selective sorbents for organic solutes in aqueous solutions, which can solve wastewater treatment problems. The present chapter initially describes the possible application areas of nanomaterials in wastewater treatment as well as its uses as nanomembrane filter.