Abstract
Non-invasive methods have been a big part of research due to their low cost and because they are more convenient for the patient and healthcare providers. Detecting Iron Deficiency-Anemia early plays a significant role in a person's health, and it is done usually by blood withdraw and performing a CBC test. In this research, we explore different non-invasive and less-invasive techniques developed to measure hemoglobin concentration. We then evaluate them mathematically and clinically based on various evaluation measures. Finally, we give our proposed alternative technique which was designed to be less costly, more accurate across a wide range (6-14 g/dL), and portable.