Abstract
With the sharply-growing complexity and rapid deployment of smart technologies in our modern society, there is an urgent call for risk-aware management and coordination in day-to-day operation of the interlinked critical infrastructures. In particular, the interconnected Water and Power Systems (WaPS) stands out, urgently in need of joint and cooperative operation to maximize the economic benefits during normal operating conditions and resilience services during emergencies. The inter-dependency of WaPS is crucial for emergency response to High Impact Low Probability (HILP) incidents, the frequency and intensity of which have been recently on the rise. While contingency analysis is used to assist the system operators in gaining knowledge of the system's static security, such understanding is more challenging to achieve in the case of integrated WaPS. This paper proposes a novel optimization model for under-emergency operation of the integrated WaPS, considering contingencies in both networks. In order to ensure the delivery of water demand, the proposed formulation considers the hydraulic constraints of the water networks, which is naturally a nonlinear model. The proposed nonlinear model is approximated using a piece-wise linearization approach to convert the optimization model into a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation. The proposed analysis is applied to a modified IEEE 24-bus reliability test system that is jointly operated with two commercial-scale water networks. The proposed model is evaluated using various disaster severity levels, revealing significant resilience benefits.