Abstract
This paper concerns the design and implementation of an autonomous dual-axis energy-efficient solar tracking system dedicated to photovoltaic panels. The proposed tracking system ensures optimum generation of electrical power by proper orientation of PV panels while consuming minimal energy. The design criteria are based on controlling the panel's position by automatic rotation throughout two DC motors only at certain times during the day. The followed methodology uses a microcontroller algorithm to redirect the solar panels in accordance with the actual coordinates of the sun.
The idea is applicable to any PV system at any geographical location as panel rotation is changed according to the tilt and azimuth angles. This leads to capturing maximum radiation at any given time. Moreover, its power consumption is low due to its working mechanism and automatic sleep mode feature while not in use. The sun tracker system is implemented for Jeddah, Saudi Arabia area and tested for other four cities around the world. Results have proved its cost-effectiveness, energy-efficiency, simplicity, and reliability in operation under different weather conditions.