Abstract
This investigates various functional models ofthe Ordinary Kriging technique, applied toprecisely estimate epoch-by-epochatmospheric corrections for real-timekinematic positioning. A network ofContinuously Operating Reference Stations inNew South Wales, known as CORSnet-NSW,is utilised to: 1) obtain atmospheric residualsfor each reference station, 2) construct anempirical variogram over the network, 3)determine Kriging parameters for threedifferent models: a spherical-, an exponential-,and a gaussian model; and 4) optimise theatmospheric corrections for real-timekinematic positioning.Applying the atmospheric corrections obtainedby the Ordinary Kriging functional models,“synthetic” measurements at a virtualreference station are generated and used forreal-time kinematic positioning. Field testswith baselines ranging from 21km to 62kmindicate that 1.9cm up to 4.4cm of horizontalaccuracy (1 sigma) is achieved. Results showapproximately 53% or higher improvementwhen compared with the results fromcommercially available software packages.This study has demonstrated the usefulness ofa number of Ordinary Kriging functionalmodels where ionospheric and troposphericdelays significantly degrade the positioningquality.