Abstract
Heat transfer in porous medium is one of the important areas of research for last few decades. The current work is considered to investigate the effect of top and bottom wall heating of a square duct that contains porous medium between its inner and outer boundaries. The other six surfaces of duct are cooled to isothermal temperature Tc. The resulting momentum and energy equations that govern the heat and fluid flow behavior in porous medium are solved with the help of finite element method. It is observed that the heat transfer and fluid flow behavior of horizontal wall heating is quite different from other cases being reported in literature. It is found that the fluid flows in multiple circulation cells around corners of the duct giving a unique flow pattern. The isotherms tend to concentrate on lower and upper section of duct with huge middle area of cavity having least thermal energy.