Abstract
With the increasing settlements, advancement in lifestyle and services, smart cities are experiencing many challenges in solid waste management (SWM) services. The smart city development framework comprises Internet of things (IoT) and information and communication technology (ICT) as key technologies to build an efficient solutions for various services. This research has proposed an IoT-based innovative novel framework to deal with the various challenges involved in SWM services. The framework performs real-time monitoring of waste level in the bin and provides the optimize routes for efficient collection of waste. The overall system constitutes three major components, namely smart bin, smart truck and work server. The smart bin design incorporates various sensors such as ultrasonic, temperature, humidity, load cell, proximity and accelerometer along with radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and wireless communication module. The smart truck is equipped with RFID reader, Global Positioning System (GPS) and wireless communication modules. The work server comprises web server, database management system along route optimization and decision-making programs. The implementation of framework at massive level will reduce the manpower effort and operating cost, optimize the resources needed, improve the environmental quality and contribute to decrease in traffic congestion and noise pollution. Additionally, an experiment was performed using developed prototype which comprised the simplified version of proposed framework. It incorporated the ultrasonic sensor with communication devices. The testing was performed to verify the working of the prototype. Additionally, it was checked that the system was able to detect the different levels of waste in the bin.