Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate two transmission schemes for device-to-device (D2D)-enabled 5G new radio (NR) networks, as well as the standard 5G NR communication scheme. Similar to 5G NR networks, the presented schemes are using the beam-forming technique to serve the cellular user equipments (CUEs), at the same time, and via the same frequency band. In addition, they serve a number of D2D UEs (DUEs), by using different access methods. The first scheme is using a guard zone technique to prevent interference problems at the CUEs and the D2D UEs (DUEs). The second transmission scheme can be used in the scenarios, where a big number of D2D communications is needed, e.g., internet of things (IoT) applications, local service, emergency communications. In this scheme, the CUEs and the DUEs are using different bands to prevent the interference problems, and to increase the number of connected DUEs. To evaluate the performance of the different schemes under consideration, and based on stochastic geometry tools, we derive the corresponding expressions of the probability of using the D2D mode, and the sum-rate of all the connected UEs. Based on conducted simulation results, the derived expressions are evaluated, and the performances of the different schemes are investigated.