Abstract
3D Deployment represents a fundamental role in setting up an efficient wireless sensor network (WSNs) and IoT network. In general, WSN are widely used in a variety of applications ranging from monitoring a smart house to monitoring forest fires with parachuted sensors. In this paper, we focus on planned 3D deployment, which the sensor nodes must be accurately positioned at predetermined locations to optimize one or more design objectives under some given constraints. The purpose of planned deployment is to determine the type, number, and locations of nodes to optimize coverage, connectivity and network lifetime. There have been a large number of studies, which proposed algorithms for solving the premeditated 3D deployment problem. The objective of this paper is twofold. The first one is to present the complexity of 3D deployment and then detail the types of sensors, objectives, applications and recent research that concerns the strategy used to solve this problem. The second one is to present a comparative survey between recent optimization approaches used to resolve the deployment problem in WSN. Based on our extensive review, we discuss the strengths and limitations of each proposed solutions and compare them in terms of the WSN design factors.