Abstract
The penetration of renewable distributed generations (RDGs) into traditional distribution systems (TDSs) remedies many of its deficiencies and shortcomings. Also, it provides mutual technical, economic and environmental benefits for both electricity companies and their customers as well. With a 25% load increase for the standard IEEE 30-bus system, buses 19, 26 and 30 have the lowest voltage magnitudes among all buses. Therefore, these weak buses are selected initially to allocate RDGs. Three cases, namely, one RDG allocated, two RDGs allocated and three RDGs allocated, of RDGs insertion are covered. A novel crow search algorithm auto-drive particle swarm optimization (CSA-PSO) technique is proposed for the first time in this study to specify the optimal allocation, sizing, and number of RDGs based on the total cost and power losses minimization objectives. A new reduction percent formula is used to estimate the reduction in total cost and the total power losses. These will help us to discern between the best cases based on total cost minimization and those based on total power losses minimization to pick up the best among all best cases. In brief, RDGs allocated on buses 19 and 30 is the best among all cases based on total cost reduction and total power losses reduction. Therefore, buses 19 and 30 are recommended to allocate a wind farm and a solar photovoltaic, respectively based on technical and economic issues. Finally, the simulation findings revealed the superiority of the CSA-PSO algorithm in solving the optimal power flow problem with RDGs compared to the state-of-the-art metaheuristic techniques.