Abstract
A new combined technique is developed for studying free convection of magnetohydrodynamic unsteady incompressible flow in a square cavity that partially heated from lower wall and regular cooling from lateral walls. Convection has been studied for several lengths of heat source, Hartman and the Rayleigh numbers. The local and average Nusselt numbers are calculated and presented graphically along the heat source portion. The proposed technique is a combination of the method of lines (MOL) and a developed penalty-artificial compressibility technique (PACT). Unsteady penalty compressibility governing equations are used instead of solving steady-state balances. The penalty and artificial compressibility factors are estimated using a deduced stability restriction. The validation of the MOL-PACT is verified by comparing the current data with other numerical and experimental ones existing in the literature. The proposed technique provides a new choice through the investigation of MHD mass and heat transfer.