Abstract
99mTc-sestamibi single photon emission tomography (SPECT) method is widely used for imaging coronary artery disease (CAD). 82-Rubidium-PET is an alternative method that can be used to perform the same purpose.
This study aims to determine whether 82-Rubidium-PET can offer extra value over 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in imaging CAD.
To achieve the study aim, a systematic review of the literature for the 2 tracers were conducted. The aim of the systemic review was to find every related previous study that corresponded to well-defined scientific criteria. The analysis of the results was restricted to peer-reviewed papers in order to avoid any selective outcome reports. Besides, extra analysis was carried out to curb or avoid any ascertainment bias. The qualified studies selected for this research were then assessed for the risk of bias. Furthermore, the details of the methods were rechecked to ensure that they were comparable, before synthesizing the results.
Eighteen original studies were selected and included in the final analysis out of 803 articles identified at the initial research. Overall, the mean value of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CAD was 84.3% and 75.4%, respectively for technetium 99m sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI). On the other hand, for 82-Rubidium-PET, the mean value of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CAD was 81% and 81%, respectively. The accuracy of diagnostics of these imaging modalities was dependent on the radiotracers and stress agent used in these studies, with 99mTc-MIBI achieving the highest diagnostic value.
This study concludes that 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT has higher diagnostic value for diagnosing CAD compared to 82-Rubidium-PET. This indicates that 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT is a more valuable technique for predicting CAD. Besides, for the stress agents used to stimulate the heart and increase workload, this research/study recommends the use of adenosine for the SPECT and the use of dipyridamole for positron emission tomography. However, it suggests the need for more systemic and theoretical studies to assess the real value of 82-Rubidium-PET and the value of stress agents.