Abstract
Several noise control strategies such as creating white noise by music therapy and nature based sounds or noise reduction devices such as earplugs, earmuffs and cancelling devices have been suggested as measures to prevent the adverse neuro-behavioral outcomes.The noise control strategy was associated with significant reductions in the level of anxiety (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.67 to -0.4; p<0.00001), pain (SMD, -0.43; 95%[CI], -0.67 to -0.19; p= 0.0004) sedation (SMD, -0.17; 95%[CI], -0.33 to -0.01; p= 0.004), and significantly lowered the incidence of delirium with a Hazard Ratio ((HR) of 0.5; 95%[CI], 0.27 to 0.82; p= 0.006).