Abstract
SUMMARY
A previously healthy 37‐year‐old man was admitted with a two‐month history of increasing shortness of breath and high temperature. A chest X‐ray demonstrated bibasal shadowing and small bilateral pleural effusions; arterial blood gases demonstrated low pO2. Despite intravenous antibiotics no significant improvement was observed. A high‐resolution chest computed tomography showed diffuse ground‐glass opacification with segmental and subsegmental airways opacification, indicating fine fibrosis. Subsequently, open lung biopsy showed diffuse alveolar damage and a histopathological diagnosis of acute interstitial pneumonia (Hamman‐Rich syndrome) was made. Antibiotics were stopped and high intravenous doses of steroids were given with a dramatic improvement in the patient's breathing and radiographic findings. The pathophysiological mechanisms of acute interstitial pneumonia and current therapeutic options are discussed.