Abstract
The development of split-ring resonators (SRRs) consisting of two concentric square rings of a conductive material exhibiting a resounding electric response at a microwave frequency is described in this paper. Each square ring has a gap and is oppositely placed in the gap of the other ring. A size reduction is always possible in this kind of structure, but one should be careful about the set frequency. The described square type of metamaterial design is completely novel in the context of the head and hand with respect to the specific absorption-reduction rate (SAR). This design was used because more arrays can be placed within a given area. Mobile phones are relatively small, requiring small metamaterial designs. The finite-difference time-domain method with the lossy-Drude model is adopted in this analysis by using CST Microwave Studio (R). The technique of a SAR reduction is discussed, and the effects of the relating position, distance, and size of the square metamaterials on the SAR reduction were investigated. Using the square-type metamaterials, we have achieved a 53.03 % reduction of the initial SAR value for the case of 1 g SAR and a 68.08 % reduction for the case of 10 g SAR.