Abstract
Energy-effcient routing algorithm is essential for resource- constrained networks. Typical routing algorithms work poorly in such networks with respect to bandwidth utilization, energy consumption, and latency. In this respect, several ant-based algorithms are being explored to address the above issues. Among them, AntNet has shown promising performance results. This paper proposes and presents three algorithms namely Improved AntNet, Pharaoh and Hybrid AntGenetic, which are inspired by AntNet. We compare our proposed algorithms with the basic AntNet, measure the performance and find that our proposed algorithms outperforms the basic AntNet in terms of success rate, energy consumptions and energy effciency. We also found that Hybrid AntGenetic is the most energy effcient. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]