Abstract
Annually the number of people with diabetes is increasing. Therefore diagnosing this disease in the early stages to save human lives is a great challenge. Different strategies have been reported for the monitoring and treatment of diabetes such as:lable-free detection of abnormal biomolecules,sensors for exhaled breath anlysis, biosensor based photonic crystal structure,plasmonic chip for biomarker detection. These techniques have limitations like: high-cost, not available for clinical diagnosis, not enough sensitive and time consuming. With discovering two-dimensional 2D materials, extensive research has been conducted based on these materials. Different 2D materials like graphene and its derivations, transition metal chalcogenides TMD, boron nitride, phosphorene, nanosheets, MXene and iii-vi layered has attracted great attention for development of state of the art devices and applications. In the one hand by changing the 2D layers number, different optical absorption can be obtained. Moreover 2D materials exhibit remarkable potential in optical sensing, bio-medical detection and energy-efficient due to their outstanding physical, chemical, optical and electronic properties. Extensive novel properties of 2D materials such as, specificity, high surface to area ratio, environmental stability, rapid and time consuming performance pave the fabrication and design of devices based 2D material.