Abstract
•Tuberculosis (TB) treatment regimens can have serious adverse drug reactions that require monitoring.•This report describes adverse drug reactions associated with Directly Observed Treatment Strategy (DOTS) protocols.•We define some mechanisms underlying the adverse drug reactions observed following DOTS.•Although males are more likely to have TB, gender did not affect the development of adverse drug reactions.•Although DOTS therapy does require monitoring, it is a highly effective treatment for tuberculosis.
Understanding the appearance of anti-tubercular drug-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in patients receiving tuberculosis (TB) treatment is important, and may be related to morbidity and mortality if not recognized early. Here, we aimed to characterize the mechanisms underlying adverse drug reactions due to combination anti-tuberculosis therapy of the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Program (RNTCP).
This was a prospective observational study conducted in 9 DOTS centers of New Delhi, India. All enrolled TB patients receiving first-line tuberculosis treatment as per RNTCP guidelines were monitored for ADRs. All ADRs that appeared during the treatment were recorded and analyzed.
The study included 1011 TB patients on anti-TB treatment under DOTS. According to Naranjo’s probability scale, of a total 351 (34.72%) reported adverse events, 102 (10.09%) were definite, 59 (5.83%) probable, 123 (12.17%) possible, and 67 (6.63%) doubtful. On the Hartwig severity scale, of the 351 adverse drug events, 225 (22.26%) were mild, 105 (10.38%) were moderate, and 21 (2.08%) were severe. Out of 102 reported adverse drug reactions, 81 (79.41%) were moderate and 21 (20.59%), while 65.28% did not experience any ADRs.
Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) is effective and safe compared to daily treatment regimens. Patients receiving DOTS therapy needed close monitoring for adverse events. Therefore, a pharmacovigilance program should be added at the National level to accesses the adverse event incidence.