Abstract
The propagation of dark solitons through a optical fiber governed by the higher order nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation with cubic–quintic non-Kerr refractive index is examined. The extended rational sinh–cosh and/or extended rational sin–cos method investigates the existence of various forms of dark solitons such as chirped periodic, breathing and hole-like dark soliton structure in optical fibers.
•Solitons to Radhakrishnan–Kundu–Lakshmanan (RKL) model are reported.•Dark solitonic structure are found by using the analytical method.•Propagation of different kinds of dark solitons along the optical fiber are discussed.