Abstract
Since Independence, the Tunisian State has tried to solve the problem of youth unemployment, particularly in rural areas. For this purpose, the government allocated irrigated State lands to young people. In Gaafour, 98 young farmers received 2.5 or 3.5 ha plots. Our results show that 50% of the allocated plots are given in lease. Although illegal, land leasing ensures production continuity and values the hydro-agricultural infrastructure. It creates employment for other young farmers. It allows some beneficiaries to extend their farm and make it viable. Allocating State lands to young farmers could be more effective to create jobs if allocation conditions were revised and State services were more active in technical and financial support to farmers and control.