Abstract
Dry eye disease (DED) was previously characterized as a tear film disease caused by tear deficit or extreme evaporation, caused injury to the inter-palpebral ocular surface and ocular discomfort. Due to ocular discomfort, difficulties completing everyday tasks, and depression, patients with moderate-to-severe DED may have a worse quality of life. DED is a rapidly developing health concern with an increasing global prevalence. Therefore, the physician needs to acquire adequate knowledge about this disease to provide the best management to the DED patients. A literature review of published works on dry eye disease, evaluation, risk factors, and management. Article selection was performed in the Pub Med database with the mentioned mesh chief points (("dry eye disease"[Mesh]) AND ("management"[Mesh]) OR ("risk factors"[Mesh])). The physician faces significant difficulty when it comes to treating DED. The major goals of DED treatment are to enhance the ease of a patient's life, as well as to restore the ophthalmic surface and tear film to their natural homeostatic condition. It is recommended for the physician to start the first step in managing DED with prevention. However, the core of DED therapy is the use of over-the-counter ocular lubricants to enhance humidity at the ocular surface. Additional medications and dietary supplementations have been suggested also in the literature.