Abstract
Energy efficiency is an important parameter in the research area related to the design of routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The consumption of energy during transmission and processing of data is more which makes the sensor network to erroneous state. In WSN, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is a popular hierarchical routing protocol, which is responsible for energy storage in nodes. The residual energy and distance between the base station and node are not considered for selection of cluster head in traditional methods. This paper proposes a Cross Layer-Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy model (CL-LEACH), an efficient routing protocol to increase the lifetime of the battery. CL-LEACH considers residual energy and for cluster head selection and provides an energy efficient transmission schemes for WSN. The cross-layer design delivers adaptive modulation by abusing intersegment dependencies across Medium Access Control, Physical, and Application layers. Moreover, CL-LEACH utilizes the remaining energy of the node for cluster head selection which preserves the overall energy. The proposed method provides better results in terms of number of live nodes, energy dissipation, message cost when compared to the traditional LEACH protocol.