Abstract
The present study deals comparatively with three control methods of Fusarium diseases of carnation, which include watery (cold and hot water extract) and organic extracts of Eucalyptus, Leek and Thyme. Cold water plant extract of Thyme and hot water plant extract of Eucalyptus proved to be most effective. One, they brought about the lowest percentages of carnation infection. Also, dipping rootless cuttings of carnation in suitable organic solvent extracts before planting in soil infested with the tested pathogens resulted in lowest percentages of infection. The effects of using different methods of plant extracts on some biochemical changes (contents of phenolics, oxidative enzymes, chlorophyll and carotenoides) of carnation cuttings planted in soil infested with pathogenic fungi tested were studied. Electrophoreses study of the tested Fusarium spp. showed complete similarity in five protein bands among F. oxysporum, F. solani and F. moniliforme, which may be a characteristic of the genus Fusarium. Carnation cutting treated with Thyme cold water extract resulted in similarity of seven bands separated from both treated cutting and non- treated ones. Differences in protein percentage refer to possible effect of the extract treatment on the plant. Moreover, some types of proteins were detected in infected plants, although they were not found either in healthy ones or in the fungal protein profiles. Such pathogenesis related proteins differed in their molecular weights among the three causal pathogens tested.