Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski's horses

Charleen Gaunitz; Antoine Fages; Kristian Hanghøj; Anders Albrechtsen; Naveed Khan; Mikkel Schubert; Andaine Seguin-Orlando; Ivy J Owens; Sabine Felkel; Olivier Bignon-Lau; Peter de Barros Damgaard; Alissa Mittnik; Azadeh F Mohaseb; Hossein Davoudi; Saleh Alquraishi; Ahmed H Alfarhan; Khaled A S Al-Rasheid; Eric Crubézy; Norbert Benecke; Sandra Olsen; Dorcas Brown; David Anthony; Ken Massy; Vladimir Pitulko; Aleksei Kasparov; Gottfried Brem; Michael Hofreiter; Gulmira Mukhtarova; Nurbol Baimukhanov; Lembi Lõugas; Vedat Onar; Philipp W Stockhammer; Johannes Krause; Bazartseren Boldgiv; Sainbileg Undrakhbold; Diimaajav Erdenebaatar; Sébastien Lepetz; Marjan Mashkour; Arne Ludwig; Barbara Wallner; Victor Merz; Ilja Merz; Viktor Zaibert; Eske Willerslev; Pablo Librado; Alan K Outram; Ludovic Orlando

doi:10.1126/science.aao3297

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Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski's horses

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Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski's horses

Charleen Gaunitz, Antoine Fages, Kristian Hanghøj, Anders Albrechtsen, Naveed Khan, Mikkel Schubert, Andaine Seguin-Orlando, Ivy J Owens, Sabine Felkel, Olivier Bignon-Lau, …

Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), Vol.360(6384), pp.111-114

06/04/2018

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao3297

PMID: 29472442

Abstract

Animals

DNA, Ancient

Genome

Horses - anatomy & histology

Horses - classification

Horses - genetics

Phenotype

Phylogeny

The Eneolithic Botai culture of the Central Asian steppes provides the earliest archaeological evidence for horse husbandry, ~5500 years ago, but the exact nature of early horse domestication remains controversial. We generated 42 ancient-horse genomes, including 20 from Botai. Compared to 46 published ancient- and modern-horse genomes, our data indicate that Przewalski's horses are the feral descendants of horses herded at Botai and not truly wild horses. All domestic horses dated from ~4000 years ago to present only show ~2.7% of Botai-related ancestry. This indicates that a massive genomic turnover underpins the expansion of the horse stock that gave rise to modern domesticates, which coincides with large-scale human population expansions during the Early Bronze Age.

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Title: Ancient genomes revisit the ancestry of domestic and Przewalski's horses
Creators - without role: Charleen Gaunitz - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Antoine Fages - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Kristian Hanghøj - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Anders Albrechtsen - University of Copenhagen
Naveed Khan - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Mikkel Schubert - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Andaine Seguin-Orlando - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
Ivy J Owens - University of Exeter
Sabine Felkel - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
Olivier Bignon-Lau - Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité
Peter de Barros Damgaard - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Alissa Mittnik - Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Azadeh F Mohaseb - University of Tehran
Hossein Davoudi - University of Tehran
Saleh Alquraishi - King Saud University
Ahmed H Alfarhan - King Saud University
Khaled A S Al-Rasheid - King Saud University
Eric Crubézy - Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology and Image Synthesis
Norbert Benecke - Deutsches Archäologisches Institut, Zentrale
Sandra Olsen - University of Kansas
Dorcas Brown - Hartwick College
David Anthony - Hartwick College
Ken Massy - Institute for Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology and Archaeology of the Roman Provinces, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80799 München, Germany
Vladimir Pitulko - Institute of History of Material Culture
Aleksei Kasparov - Institute of History of Material Culture
Gottfried Brem - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
Michael Hofreiter - University of Potsdam
Gulmira Mukhtarova - Issyk State Historical-Cultural Reserve Museum, 040400 Almaty Region, Enbekshikazak District, Kazakhstan
Nurbol Baimukhanov - Shejire DNA Project, 050046 Almaty, Kazakhstan
Lembi Lõugas - Tallinn University
Vedat Onar - Istanbul University
Philipp W Stockhammer - Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Johannes Krause - Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Bazartseren Boldgiv - National University of Mongolia
Sainbileg Undrakhbold - National University of Mongolia
Diimaajav Erdenebaatar - Department of Archaeology
Sébastien Lepetz - Archéozoologie et Archéobotanique
Marjan Mashkour - Archéozoologie et Archéobotanique
Arne Ludwig - Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research
Barbara Wallner - University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna
Victor Merz - S. Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University
Ilja Merz - S. Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University
Viktor Zaibert - Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Eske Willerslev - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Pablo Librado - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Alan K Outram - University of Exeter
Ludovic Orlando - Natural History Museum Aarhus
Publication Details: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), Vol.360(6384), pp.111-114
Grant note: European Research Council
Identifiers: 9949364908331
Academic Unit: King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article