Abstract
Chemical investigation of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) A. Juss. growing in Saudi Arabia revealed the isolation of two new acylated flavonoids identified as acacetin-7-O-beta-D-[alpha-L-rhamnosyl(1 -> 6)]3 ''-E-p-coumaroyl glucopyranoside (4) and apigenin-7-O-(6 ''-Z-p-coumaroyl)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), in addition to amentoflavone (1), apigenin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), apigenin-7-O-6 ''-E-p-coumaroyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3) and rutin (6). The structures of isolated compounds were established by 1D, 2D NMR and HRESIMS spectral data, in addition to comparison with literature data. The anti-inflammatory activities of isolated compounds were assessed by measuring the levels of IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and PGE(2) in the supernatant media of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). At a concentration of 100 mu M, compounds 1, 2, 4 and 6 significantly decreased Il-1 beta, Il-6 and PGE(2) to nearly normal values. All tested compounds caused a dose-dependent decrease in TNF-alpha level but failed to reach that of the control values. (C) 2015 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.