Abstract
The new research presents highly conductive polymeric membranes with a large surface area to volume ratio of metal oxide nanoparticles that were used to determine atropine sulfate (AT) in commercial dosage forms. In sensing and biosensing applications, the nanomaterials zinc oxide (ZnONPs) and magnesium oxide (MgONPs) were employed as boosting potential electroactive materials. The electroactive atropine phosphotungstate (AT-PT) was created by combining atropine sulfate and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and mixing it with polymeric polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with the plasticizer o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (
o
-NPOE). The modified sensors AT-PT-ZnONPs or AT-PT-MgONPs showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity for the measurements of atropine with a linear concentration range of 6.0 × 10
−8
− 1.0 × 10
−3
and 8.0 × 10
−8
− 1.0 × 10
−3
mol L
−1
with regression equations of E
(mV)
= (56 ± 0.5) log [AT] − 294 and E
(mV)
= (54 ± 0.5) log [AT] − 422 for AT-PT-NPs or AT-PT-MgONPs sensors, respectively. The AT-PT coated wire sensor, on the other hand, showed a Nernstian response at 4.0 × 10
−6
− 1.0 × 10
−3
mol L
−1
and a regression equation E
(mV)
= (52.1 ± 0.2) log [AT] + 198. The methodology-recommended guidelines were used to validate the suggested modified potentiometric systems against various criteria.