Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a commonly seen neurodevelopmental disorder in children. The characterization of ASD by age is inappropriate, with the presence of stereotypic behaviour and impaired social communication. This disorder is hypothesized to result from cerebral dysfunction arising from a complex interaction among environmental, genetic, and epigenetic factors. Worldwide, ASD prevalence has reached more than 1%, leading governments, schools, and health care providers to establish strategies and programmes to resolve this complicated disorder. A high level of concern must be maintained in children with poor school performance, problem behaviours, speech issues, or developmental delay. An evaluation of a suspected ASD child is not difficult if a standardized approach is used. Early intervention leads to marked improvements in social communication skills, imitation, and cognitive and adaptive function. This current review analysed the epidemiology, causes, social-economic impacts and effective tools available in diagnosing and managing ASD. This study also provides the future direction for the diagnosis and management of ASD.