Abstract
In this work, mineral trioxide and graphene oxide manipulated the morphological and biological potential of hydroxyapatite-based nanocomposites. XRD, FTIR, XPS, and EDS were used to perform the structural and chemical composition of HAP, pure Bi2O3, HAP/Bi2O3, HAP/GO, and HAP/Bi2O3/GO composites. The morphological alteration is investigated by TEM and FESEM techniques, followed by roughness parameters calculations. TEM micrographs confirm that the encapsulation of HAP through GO nanosheets to form HAP/GO reduces the agglomeration of HAP grains to appear separately on graphene wafers with sizes ranging from 11.4 to 28.5 nm, while HAP grains are sized from 11.4 to 22.8 nm. FESEM micrographs show that the combination of the three gradients (HAP, Bi2O3, and GO) cause well-defined grains, besides leaving wide pores in-between grain bundles, besides hitting grain size in scope that starts from 20 to 35 nm. Triple composite (HAP/Bi2O3/GO) records a higher roughness average than binary composites (HAP Bi2O3, and HAP/GO) with a value of 33.3 nm. Moreover, integration of the three components boosts the cell viability potential to record the uppermost percentage of 98.7 +/- 2%, with clear enhancement in anti-microbial activity with an inhibition area of 25.7 +/- 1.9 mm against Escherichia coli and 24.8 +/- 1.8 mm in case of Staphylococcus.aureus. (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V.