Abstract
The massive population growth and rising environmental issues raise several challenges in the agriculture sector, such as agricultural land scarcity, overuse of pesticides, and global food demand. To meet global food demand, farmer uses large quantities of pesticides to enhance crop quality and quantity. However, consuming food from pesticide crops reduces human life expectancy. To overcome the aforementioned issue and improve human life expectancy, we proposed a blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI)-empowered smart agriculture framework to predict pesticide crop’s beyond the threshold. The blockchain is integrated to confront the data manipulation attack, where the crop that uses minimum pesticides is securely stored inside the blockchain’s immutable ledger. Finally, the proposed framework is evaluated with performance metrics, such as accuracy, blockchain scalability, and latency. The result shows that the proposed framework outperforms in terms of accuracy, scalability, and latency compared to the baseline approaches.
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•This article proposed a reliable framework that predicts the human life expectancy.•Public blockchain alleviates data manipulation attacks to enhance security.•Proposed framework enhances the latency and packet drop ratio using a 6G network.