Abstract
This paper attempts, for the first time, to assess the relationship between transparency, fiscal situation, and political turnout using a comparative international approach. With this aim, the authors build a comprehensive index of budget transparency encompassing 40 budget features based on international standards for a sample of 41 countries. They find a positive relationship between national government fiscal balance and budget transparency. The more information the budget discloses, the less the politicians can use fiscal deficits to achieve opportunistic goals. The univariate analysis shows a positive answer to the question raised by James Alt and David Dreyer Lassen: Does transparency affect political outcomes such as turnout? To some extent, that the more transparent the budget reports are, the more incentives people have to vote. With respect to three variables-transparency, government fiscal balance, and electoral turnout-three clusters of countries arise: low transparency-fiscal inbalance, low transparency-small fiscal inbalance and high transparency-fiscal surplus.