Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Ibrahim Khalil; Danny V Colombara; Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar; Christopher Troeger; Farah Daoud; Maziar Moradi-Lakeh; Charbel El Bcheraoui; Puja C Rao; Ashkan Afshin; Raghid Charara; Kalkidan Hassen Abate; Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek; Foad Abd-Allah; Remon Abu-Elyazeed; Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri; Ali Shafqat Akanda; Nadia Akseer; Khurshid Alam; Deena Alasfoor; Raghib Ali; Mohammad A AlMazroa; Mahmoud A Alomari; Rajaa Mohammad Salem Al-Raddadi; Ubai Alsharif; Shirina Alsowaidi; Khalid A Altirkawi; Nelson Alvis-Guzman; Walid Ammar; Carl Abelardo T Antonio; Hamid Asayesh; Rana Jawad Asghar; Suleman Atique; Ashish Awasthi; Umar Bacha; Alaa Badawi; Aleksandra Barac; Neeraj Bedi; Tolesa Bekele; Isabela M Bensenor; Balem Demtsu Betsu; Zulfiqar Bhutta; Aref A Bin Abdulhak; Zahid A Butt; Hadi Danawi; Manisha Dubey; Aman Yesuf Endries; Imad D A Faghmous; Talha Farid; Maryam S Farvid; Farshad Farzadfar; Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad; Florian Fischer; Joseph Robert Anderson Fitchett; Katherine B Gibney; Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi; Melkamu Dedefo Gishu; Harish Chander Gugnani; Rahul Gupta; Gessessew Bugssa Hailu; Randah Ribhi Hamadeh; Samer Hamidi; Hilda L Harb; Mohammad T Hedayati; Mohamed Hsairi; Abdullatif Husseini; Nader Jahanmehr; Mehdi Javanbakht; Tariku Jibat; Jost B Jonas; Amir Kasaeian; Yousef Saleh Khader; Abdur Rahman Khan; Ejaz Ahmad Khan; Gulfaraz Khan; Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja; Yohannes Kinfu; Niranjan Kissoon; Ai Koyanagi; Aparna Lal; Asma Abdul Abdul Latif; Raimundas Lunevicius; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Azeem Majeed; Reza Malekzadeh; Alem Mehari; Alemayehu B Mekonnen; Yohannes Adama Melaku; Ziad A Memish; Walter Mendoza; Awoke Misganaw; Layla Abdalla Ibrahim Mohamed; Jean B Nachega; Quyen Le Nguyen; Muhammad Imran Nisar; Emmanuel Kwame Peprah; James A Platts-Mills; Farshad Pourmalek; Mostafa Qorbani; Anwar Rafay; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Sajjad Ur Rahman; Rajesh Kumar Rai; Saleem M Rana; Chhabi L Ranabhat; Sowmya R Rao; Amany H Refaat; Mark Riddle; Gholamreza Roshandel; George Mugambage Ruhago; Muhammad Muhammad Saleh; Juan R Sanabria; Monika Sawhney; Sadaf G Sepanlou; Tesfaye Setegn; Karen Sliwa; Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy; Bryan L Sykes; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Bemnet Amare Tedla; Abdullah S Terkawi; Kingsley Ukwaja; Olalekan A Uthman; Ronny Westerman; Mamo Wubshet; Muluken A Yenesew; Naohiro Yonemoto; Mustafa Z Younis; Zoubida Zaidi; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Abdullah A Al Rabeeah; Haidong Wang; Mohsen Naghavi; Theo Vos; Alan D Lopez; Christopher J L Murray; Ali H Mokdad

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0339

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Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Journal article

Peer reviewed

Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Ibrahim Khalil, Danny V Colombara, Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar, Christopher Troeger, Farah Daoud, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Charbel El Bcheraoui, Puja C Rao, Ashkan Afshin, Raghid Charara, …

The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, Vol.95(6), pp.1319-1329

07/12/2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.16-0339

PMCID: PMC5154365

PMID: 27928080

Abstract

Child

Child, Preschool

Cost of Illness

Diarrhea - economics

Diarrhea - epidemiology

Diarrhea - mortality

Disabled Persons

Female

Global Burden of Disease

Humans

Male

Mediterranean Region - epidemiology

Quality-Adjusted Life Years

Risk Factors

Diarrheal diseases (DD) are leading causes of disease burden, death, and disability, especially in children in low-income settings. DD can also impact a child's potential livelihood through stunted physical growth, cognitive impairment, and other sequelae. As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated DD burden, and the burden attributable to specific risk factors and particular etiologies, in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 1990 and 2013. For both sexes and all ages, we calculated disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which are the sum of years of life lost and years lived with disability. We estimate that over 125,000 deaths (3.6% of total deaths) were due to DD in the EMR in 2013, with a greater burden of DD in low- and middle-income countries. Diarrhea deaths per 100,000 children under 5 years of age ranged from one (95% uncertainty interval [UI] = 0-1) in Bahrain and Oman to 471 (95% UI = 245-763) in Somalia. The pattern for diarrhea DALYs among those under 5 years of age closely followed that for diarrheal deaths. DALYs per 100,000 ranged from 739 (95% UI = 520-989) in Syria to 40,869 (95% UI = 21,540-65,823) in Somalia. Our results highlighted a highly inequitable burden of DD in EMR, mainly driven by the lack of access to proper resources such as water and sanitation. Our findings will guide preventive and treatment interventions which are based on evidence and which follow the ultimate goal of reducing the DD burden.

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Title: Burden of Diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990-2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Creators - without role: Ibrahim Khalil - University of Washington
Danny V Colombara - University of Washington
Mohammad Hossein Forouzanfar - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Christopher Troeger - University of Washington
Farah Daoud - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Maziar Moradi-Lakeh - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Charbel El Bcheraoui - University of Washington
Puja C Rao - University of Washington
Ashkan Afshin - University of Washington
Raghid Charara - Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
Kalkidan Hassen Abate - Jimma University
Mohammed Magdy Abd El Razek - Faculty
Foad Abd-Allah - Cairo University
Remon Abu-Elyazeed - GlaxoSmithKline
Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri - Lund University
Ali Shafqat Akanda - University of Rhode Island
Nadia Akseer - University of Toronto
Khurshid Alam - University of Sydney
Deena Alasfoor - Ministry of Health
Raghib Ali - University of Oxford
Mohammad A AlMazroa - Ministry of Health
Mahmoud A Alomari - Jordan University of Science and Technology
Rajaa Mohammad Salem Al-Raddadi - Ministry of Health, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ubai Alsharif - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Shirina Alsowaidi - United Arab Emirates University
Khalid A Altirkawi - King Saud University
Nelson Alvis-Guzman - University of Cartagena
Walid Ammar - Ministry of Public Health
Carl Abelardo T Antonio - University of the Philippines Manila
Hamid Asayesh - Qom University of Medical Science and Health Services
Rana Jawad Asghar - Forum
Suleman Atique - Taipei Medical University
Ashish Awasthi - Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences
Umar Bacha - University of Management and Technology
Alaa Badawi - Public Health Agency of Canada
Aleksandra Barac - University of Belgrade
Neeraj Bedi - Jazan University
Tolesa Bekele - Madda Walabu University
Isabela M Bensenor - Universidade de São Paulo
Balem Demtsu Betsu - Mekelle University
Zulfiqar Bhutta - Aga Khan University
Aref A Bin Abdulhak - University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Zahid A Butt - Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Hadi Danawi - Walden University
Manisha Dubey - International Institute for Population Sciences
Aman Yesuf Endries - Arba Minch University
Imad D A Faghmous - London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Talha Farid - University of Louisville
Maryam S Farvid - University of Louisville
Farshad Farzadfar - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad - Karolinska Institutet
Florian Fischer - Bielefeld University
Joseph Robert Anderson Fitchett - Harvard University Press
Katherine B Gibney - Monash University
Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi - University of Ha'il
Melkamu Dedefo Gishu - Haramaya University
Harish Chander Gugnani - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Saint James School of Medicine, Anguilla, British West Indies.
Rahul Gupta - Virginia Department of Health
Gessessew Bugssa Hailu - Mekelle University
Randah Ribhi Hamadeh - Arabian Gulf University
Samer Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Hilda L Harb - Ministry of Public Health
Mohammad T Hedayati - Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
Mohamed Hsairi - Institut Salah-Azaïz
Abdullatif Husseini - Qatar University
Nader Jahanmehr - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Mehdi Javanbakht - University of Aberdeen
Tariku Jibat - Addis Ababa University
Jost B Jonas - Heidelberg
Amir Kasaeian - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Yousef Saleh Khader - Jordan University of Science and Technology
Abdur Rahman Khan - University of Louisville
Ejaz Ahmad Khan - Health Services Academy
Gulfaraz Khan - United Arab Emirates University
Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer Khoja - Executive Board of the Health Ministers' Council for Cooperation Council States, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Yohannes Kinfu - University of Canberra
Niranjan Kissoon - University of British Columbia
Ai Koyanagi - Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu
Aparna Lal - Australian National University
Asma Abdul Abdul Latif - Lahore College for Women University
Raimundas Lunevicius - University of Liverpool
Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek - Faculty
Azeem Majeed - Imperial College London
Reza Malekzadeh - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Alem Mehari - Howard University
Alemayehu B Mekonnen - University of Sydney
Yohannes Adama Melaku - Mekelle University
Ziad A Memish - Ministry of Health
Walter Mendoza - United Nations Population Fund
Awoke Misganaw - University of Washington
Layla Abdalla Ibrahim Mohamed - Federal Ministry of Health
Jean B Nachega - University of Pittsburgh
Quyen Le Nguyen - Duy Tan University
Muhammad Imran Nisar - Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Emmanuel Kwame Peprah - National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
James A Platts-Mills - University of Virginia
Farshad Pourmalek - University of British Columbia
Mostafa Qorbani - Jahrom University of Medical Sciences
Anwar Rafay - University of Health Sciences Lahore
Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar - Sina Hospital
Sajjad Ur Rahman - Hamad Medical Corporation
Rajesh Kumar Rai - Society for Health and Demographic Surveillance, Suri, India
Saleem M Rana - Contech
Chhabi L Ranabhat - Yonsei University
Sowmya R Rao - Boston University
Amany H Refaat - Walden University
Mark Riddle - Naval Medical Research Command
Gholamreza Roshandel - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
George Mugambage Ruhago - Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences
Muhammad Muhammad Saleh - Development Research and Projects Center, Abuja, Nigeria
Juan R Sanabria - Marshall University
Monika Sawhney - Marshall University
Sadaf G Sepanlou - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Tesfaye Setegn - Bahir Dar University
Karen Sliwa - University of Cape Town
Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy - University of Kuala Lumpur
Bryan L Sykes - University of California, Irvine
Mohammad Tavakkoli - Westchester Medical Center
Bemnet Amare Tedla - University of Gondar
Abdullah S Terkawi - University of Virginia
Kingsley Ukwaja - Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki
Olalekan A Uthman - University of Warwick
Ronny Westerman - Federal Institute for Population Research
Mamo Wubshet - University of Gondar
Muluken A Yenesew - Bahir Dar University
Naohiro Yonemoto - Kyoto University
Mustafa Z Younis - Jackson State University
Zoubida Zaidi - University Hospital, Setif, Algeria
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki - Mansoura University
Abdullah A Al Rabeeah - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Haidong Wang - University of Washington
Mohsen Naghavi - University of Washington
Theo Vos - University of Washington
Alan D Lopez - University of Washington
Christopher J L Murray - University of Washington
Ali H Mokdad - University of Washington
Publication Details: The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, Vol.95(6), pp.1319-1329
Identifiers: 9913643008331
Academic Unit: Alfaisal University; King Abdulaziz University; King Saud University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article