Abstract
Introduction: The term 'Osteomyelitis' refers to the presence of an infectious disease within the bone tissue. Multiple important syndromes are usually seen with osteomyelitis. Following the introduction of penicillins in the 1940s, mortality caused by staphylococcal osteomyelitis significantly decreased from about thirty percent to ten percent, with increasing literature evolving on the discussions of the relative benefits of surgical decompression and antimicrobials treatment in the algorithm for osteomyelitis treatment.
Aim of work: In this review, we will discuss the most recent evidence regarding the Causes and management of osteomyelitis.
Methodology: We did a systematic search for Causes and management of osteomyelitis in the emergency department using PubMed search engine (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and Google Scholar search engine (https://scholar.google.com). All relevant studies were retrieved and discussed. We only included full articles.
Conclusions: Hematogenous osteomyelitis is one of the most common presentations in the pediatrics population and is usually treated medically, although methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections might require surgery in some cases. Appropriate management and treatment of infections of diabetic foot include evaluation of the blood supply as a part of the decision-making process regarding surgical debridement. Established infections in patients with open fractures may present as nonunion and require a combination of medical and surgical treatments.