Abstract
Calendula officinalis is a flowering plant with various applications in traditional medi-cine. The herbal products of the plant are also used in pharmaceuticals or food. In this study. Tita-nium dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized using Calendula officinalis extract in an aqueous medium. The plant extract plays a role as the stabilizing and reducing agent. The nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis. and FT-IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and Energy EDS techniques. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with TiNPs@C. officinalis were assessed by MTT assay for 48 h about the cytotoxicity and anti-human colorectal carcinoma prop-erties on normal (HUVEC) and colorectal carcinoma cell lines i.e. WiDr, SW1417 [SW-1417], DLD-1, and LS123. According to the XRD analysis, 15.68 nm was measured for TiNPs crystal size. SEM images exhibited a uniform spherical morphology in range size of 15.72-40.74 for the biosyn-thesized nanoparticles respectively. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of TiNPs@C. officinalis and BHT against DPPH free radicals were 212 and 173 mg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of TiNPs@C. officinalis were 181, 250, 271, and 215 mg/mL against WiDr, SW1417 [SW-1417], DLD-1, and LS123 cell lines, respectively. The viability of malignant colorectal cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of TiNPs@C. officinalis. (c) 2021 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).