Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Jaimie Steinmetz; Rupert Bourne; Paul Svitil Briant; Seth Flaxman; Hugh Taylor; Jost Jonas; Amir Aberhe Abdoli; Woldu Aberhe Abrha; Ahmed Abualhasan; Eman Girum Abu-Gharbieh; Tadele Girum Adal; Ashkan Afshin; Hamid Ahmadieh; Wondu Alemayehu; Sayyed Amirpooya Samir Alemzadeh; Ahmed Samir Alfaar; Vahid Alipour; Sofia Androudi; Jalal Arabloo; Aries Berhe Arditi; Brhane Berhe Aregawi; Alessandro Arrigo; Charlie Ashbaugh; Elham Debalkie Ashrafi; Desta Debalkie Atnafu; Eleni Amin Bagli; Atif Amin Winfried Baig; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Maurizio Battaglia Parodi; Mahya Srikanth Beheshti; Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula; Nikha Bhardwaj; Pankaj Bhardwaj; Krittika Bhattacharyya; Ali Bijani; Mukharram Bikbov; Michele Bottone; Tasanee Braithwaite; Alain Bron; Sharath Burugina Nagaraja; Zahid Butt; Florentino Luciano L Caetano dos Santos; Vera Carneiro; Robert James Casson; Ching-Yu Jasmine Cheng; Jee-Young Jasmine Choi; Dinh-Toi Chu; Maria Vittoria M Cicinelli; João Coelho; Nathan Congdon; Rosa Couto; Elizabeth Cromwell; Saad Dahlawi; Xiaochen Dai; Reza Dana; Lalit Dandona; Rakhi Dandona; Monte del Monte; Meseret Derbew Molla; Nikolaos Alemayehu Dervenis; Abebaw Alemayehu P Desta; Jenny Deva; Daniel Diaz; Shirin Djalalinia; Joshua Ehrlich; Rajesh Rashad Elayedath; Hala Rashad B Elhabashy; Leon Ellwein; Mohammad Hassan Emamian; Sharareh Eskandarieh; Farshad Farzadfar; Arthur Fernandes; Florian Fischer; David Friedman; João Furtado; Shilpa Gaidhane; Gus Gazzard; Berhe Gebremichael; Ronnie George; Ahmad Ghashghaee; Syed Amir Gilani; Mahaveer Golechha; Samer Randall Hamidi; Billy Randall R Hammond; Mary Elizabeth R Kusuma Hartnett; Risky Kusuma Hartono; Abdiwahab Hashi; Simon Hay; Khezar Hayat; Golnaz Heidari; Hung Chak Ho; Ramesh Holla; Mowafa Househ; John Huang; Segun Emmanuel M Ibitoye; Irena Ilic; Milena Ilic; April Ingram; Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani; Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam; GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators

doi:10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30489-7

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Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

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Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study

Jaimie Steinmetz, Rupert Bourne, Paul Svitil Briant, Seth Flaxman, Hugh Taylor, Jost Jonas, Amir Aberhe Abdoli, Woldu Aberhe Abrha, Ahmed Abualhasan, Eman Girum Abu-Gharbieh, …

The Lancet global health, Vol.9(2), pp.e144-e160

01/02/2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(20)30489-7

PMID: 33275949

Abstract

Human health and pathology

Life Sciences

Sensory Organs

Background Many causes of vision impairment can be prevented or treated. With an ageing global population, the demands for eye health services are increasing. We estimated the prevalence and relative contribution of avoidable causes of blindness and vision impairment globally from 1990 to 2020. We aimed to compare the results with the World Health Assembly Global Action Plan (WHA GAP) target of a 25% global reduction from 2010 to 2019 in avoidable vision impairment, defined as cataract and undercorrected refractive error. Methods We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based surveys of eye disease from January, 1980, to October, 2018. We fitted hierarchical models to estimate prevalence (with 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs]) of moderate and severe vision impairment (MSVI; presenting visual acuity from <6/18 to 3/60) and blindness (<3/60 or less than 10 degrees visual field around central fixation) by cause, age, region, and year. Because of data sparsity at younger ages, our analysis focused on adults aged 50 years and older. Findings Global crude prevalence of avoidable vision impairment and blindness in adults aged 50 years and older did not change between 2010 and 2019 (percentage change -0.2% [95% UI -1.5 to 1.0]; 2019 prevalence 9.58 cases per 1000 people [9s% IU 8.51 to 10.8], 2010 prevalence 96.0 cases per 1000 people [86.0 to 107-0]). Age-standardised prevalence of avoidable blindness decreased by -15.4% [-16.8 to -14.3], while avoidable MSVI showed no change (0.5% [-0.8 to 1.6]). However, the number of cases increased for both avoidable blindness (10.8% [8.9 to 12.4]) and MSVI (31.5% [30.0 to 33.1]). The leading global causes of blindness in those aged 50 years and older in 2020 were cataract (15.2 million cases [9% IU 12.7-18.0]), followed by glaucoma (3.6 million cases [2-8-4.4]), undercorrected refractive error (2.3 million cases [1.8-2.8]), age-related macular degeneration (1.8 million cases [1.3-2.4]), and diabetic retinopathy (0.86 million cases [0.59-1.23]). Leading causes of MSVI were undercorrected refractive error (86.1 million cases [74.2-101.0]) and cataract (78.8 million cases [67.2-91.4]). Interpretation Results suggest eye care services contributed to the observed reduction of age-standardised rates of avoidable blindness but not of MSVI, and that the target in an ageing global population was not reached.

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Title: Causes of blindness and vision impairment in 2020 and trends over 30 years, and prevalence of avoidable blindness in relation to VISION 2020: the Right to Sight: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study
Creators - without role: Jaimie Steinmetz - University of Washington
Rupert Bourne - Anglia Ruskin University
Paul Svitil Briant - University of Washington
Seth Flaxman - Imperial College London
Hugh Taylor - University of Melbourne
Jost Jonas - Heidelberg University
Amir Aberhe Abdoli - Jahrom University of Medical Sciences
Woldu Aberhe Abrha - Aksum University
Ahmed Abualhasan - Cairo University
Eman Girum Abu-Gharbieh - University of Sharjah
Tadele Girum Adal - Wolkite University
Ashkan Afshin - University of Washington
Hamid Ahmadieh - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Wondu Alemayehu - Fred Hollows Foundation
Sayyed Amirpooya Samir Alemzadeh - Iran University of Medical Sciences
Ahmed Samir Alfaar - Leipzig University
Vahid Alipour - Iran University of Medical Sciences
Sofia Androudi - University of Thessaly
Jalal Arabloo - Iran University of Medical Sciences
Aries Berhe Arditi - Product Innovation and Engineering (United States, Saint James) - LLC
Brhane Berhe Aregawi - Adigrat University
Alessandro Arrigo - San Raffaele Hospital
Charlie Ashbaugh - University of Washington
Elham Debalkie Ashrafi - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Desta Debalkie Atnafu - Bahir Dar University
Eleni Amin Bagli - University Hospital of Ioannina
Atif Amin Winfried Baig - Sultan Zainal Abidin University
Till Winfried Bärnighausen - Heidelberg University
Maurizio Battaglia Parodi - Vita-Salute San Raffaele University
Mahya Srikanth Beheshti - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula - Charles University
Nikha Bhardwaj - Government Medical College Pali
Pankaj Bhardwaj - All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Krittika Bhattacharyya - National Institute of Biomedical Genomics
Ali Bijani - Babol University of Medical Sciences
Mukharram Bikbov - Ufa Eye Research Institute
Michele Bottone - Imperial College London
Tasanee Braithwaite - ondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Alain Bron - Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon)
Sharath Burugina Nagaraja - Employee State Insurance Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
Zahid Butt - University of Waterloo
Florentino Luciano L Caetano dos Santos - Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne
Vera Carneiro - University of Minho
Robert James Casson - University of Adelaide
Ching-Yu Jasmine Cheng - Singapore Eye Research Institute
Jee-Young Jasmine Choi - Seoul National University Hospital
Dinh-Toi Chu - Hanoi National University of Education
Maria Vittoria M Cicinelli - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico San Raffaele
João Coelho - Universidade do Porto
Nathan Congdon - Queen's University
Rosa Couto - Universidade do Porto
Elizabeth Cromwell - University of Washington
Saad Dahlawi - Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Xiaochen Dai - University of Washington
Reza Dana - Harvard University
Lalit Dandona - University of Washington
Rakhi Dandona - University of Washington
Monte del Monte - University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
Meseret Derbew Molla - University of Gondar
Nikolaos Alemayehu Dervenis - Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Abebaw Alemayehu P Desta - University of Gondar
Jenny Deva - Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
Daniel Diaz - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Shirin Djalalinia - Ministry of Health and Medical Education [Iran]
Joshua Ehrlich - University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
Rajesh Rashad Elayedath - Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology
Hala Rashad B Elhabashy - Cairo University
Leon Ellwein - National Institutes of Health
Mohammad Hassan Emamian - Shahroud University of Medical Sciences
Sharareh Eskandarieh - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Farshad Farzadfar - Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Arthur Fernandes - Federal University of Sao Paulo
Florian Fischer - University of Applied Sciences Ravensburg-Weingarten
David Friedman - Harvard University
João Furtado - Universidade de São Paulo
Shilpa Gaidhane - Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences
Gus Gazzard - University College of London [London]
Berhe Gebremichael - Haramaya University
Ronnie George - Sankara Nethralaya
Ahmad Ghashghaee - Iran University of Medical Sciences
Syed Amir Gilani - University of Lahore
Mahaveer Golechha - Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar
Samer Randall Hamidi - Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Billy Randall R Hammond - University of Georgia
Mary Elizabeth R Kusuma Hartnett - University of Utah
Risky Kusuma Hartono - Institution of Public Health Sciences
Abdiwahab Hashi - Jigjiga Universit
Simon Hay - University of Washington
Khezar Hayat - University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Golnaz Heidari - Independent Consultant
Hung Chak Ho - Chinese University of Hong Kong
Ramesh Holla - Manipal Academy of Higher Education
Mowafa Househ - Hamad bin Khalifa University
John Huang - Yale University
Segun Emmanuel M Ibitoye - University of Ibadan
Irena Ilic - University of Belgrade
Milena Ilic - University of Kragujevac
April Ingram - Independent Consultant
Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani - Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam - Deakin University
GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators
Publication Details: The Lancet global health, Vol.9(2), pp.e144-e160
Publisher: Elsevier
Identifiers: 9914869508331
Academic Unit: Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article