Abstract
Objectives
A systematic review was conducted to explore the clinical evidence of pharmacogenetic testing with statins in a personalised approach to minimise the incidence of adverse drug reaction (ADR), ensure better response and optimise medication adherence.
Methods
Systematic literature review using PubMed and EMBASE/Medline database that includes all clinically relevant pharmacogenomic studies involving statins.
Key findings
Twenty‐four articles were evaluated for a total of 120 articles screened. The included studies were classified according to study design (two randomised controlled trial studies (RCTs), three meta‐analysis studies, two interventional studies, four prospective studies, 10 case–control studies, two cross‐sectional studies and one data analysis study). There were 23 different genetic polymorphisms related to statins were studied clinically with the specified outcome either LDL‐lowering response or adverse drug reaction. Those genes were diverse and involve metabolic enzymes, transporters and other receptors.
Conclusions
Many studies suggest a strong association between clinical outcomes and certain genes relevant to statins. However, these studies were observational and only a few were randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The strength of evidence to support pharmacogenetic testing for statin is not adequate.