Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will progress to end stage without treatment, the decline off renal function may not linear. A sensitive marker such as soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptors (suPARs) may allow potential intervention and treatment in earlier stages of CKD.
Objectives: This study was designed to measure plasma (suPAR) in patients with CKD with different stages and to find its correlation with the disease severity.
Methods: This study was conducted on 114 subjects, 84 were patients with different stages and different causes of CKD, and 30 healthy subjects as controls. Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and 24 hours proteinuria were measured, renal biopsy was done for all patients, and plasma (suPAR) was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: suPAR plasma levels were significantly higher in patients with CKD (7.9 +/- 3.82ng/mL) than controls (1.76 +/- 0.77ng/mL, P<.001). suPAR correlated with the disease severity. In stage 1 to 2 group, it was 3.7 +/- 1.5ng/mL, in stage 3 to 4, it was 10.10 +/- 1.22ng/mL, and in stage 5 group, it was 12.34 +/- 0.88ng/mL; the difference between the 3 groups was highly significant (P<.001). A cutoff point 2.5ng/mL of suPAR was found between controls and stage 1 group. According to the cause of CKD, although patients with obstructive cause and those with focal glomerulosclerosis had the higher levels 9.11 +/- 3.32ng/mL and 8.73 +/- 3.19ng/mL, respectively, but there was no significant difference between patients with CKD according to the cause of the CKD.
Conclusion: Plasma (suPAR) increased in patients with CKD and correlated with disease severity.