Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic efficacy of Arabian coffee, Cardamom and Cloves on HFD induced diabetic mice. C57BL/6J mice that were fed a high fat (HFD) developed obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia compared with those that were fed a Standard pellet diet (SPD). Mice fed with HFD increased the levels of plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin and a decrease in hemoglobin. The activities of carbohydrate metabolic enzymes such as glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose1,6-bisphosphatase increased while glucokinase activity and glycogen level decreased in HFD mice. Treatment with Arabian coffee, Cardamom and Cloves significantly reduced the plasma glucose, insulin and HbA1c and it also elevated the levels of Hb.
Arabian coffee, cardamom and cloves supplementation to diabetic mice reverted back the activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme in a significant manner and increased the liver glycogen level. The increased levels of lipid profile such as total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), phospholipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA) were observed in both the plasma and tissues of HFD-fed C57BL/6J diabetic mice. The plasma lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (VLDL-C) and low density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly increased and the plasma levels of high density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C) were decreased in HFD-fed C57BL/6J diabetic mice. An HFD-induced C57BL/6J diabetic mouse treated with Arabian coffee, Cardamom and Cloves significantly reversed all these parameters towards normalcy.
Moreover, combined effect of Arabian coffee, cardamom and cloves has more pronounced effect than their individual treatment. These findings suggest that Arabian coffee with cardamom and Cloves is having better antihyperglycaemic and antihyperlipidemic effect on HFD-fed C57BL/6J diabetic mice.