Abstract
Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy production is important in reducing global energy crises since it is transportable, scalable, and highly customizable dependent on the needs of the industry or end-user. In addition, compared to other renewable resources, photovoltaic systems can produce electricity without moving parts and have a long lifespan. Nevertheless, solar photovoltaic (PV) systems provide intermittent output electricity with a nonlinear output voltage. Due to this intermittent availability, PV installations are facing significant challenges. As a result, in PV power systems, a Maximum Power Point Tracker (MPPT), a power extraction mechanism, is required to assure maximum power delivery at any given moment. The main objective of this work is to study the MPPT method of extracting the maximum power from photovoltaic modules under different solar irradiation and temperatures. Several MPPT methods have been developed for photovoltaic systems to achieve MPP, depending on weather conditions and applications, ranging from simple to more complex methods. Among these methods, five techniques have been presented and compared that are P&O perturbation and observation method, INC incremental conductance method, the ANN neural network method, the open circuit voltage based neural network method FVCO, and the neural network method at the base of FCC (short circuit current).