Abstract
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•Zn-MgO nano-flakes were made using a facile sol–gel technique.•For glucose sensing, Zn-MgO Nano-flakes were drop-casted on a glassy carbon electrode.•On the produced CH-Zn-MgO nanocomposite thin film, glucose oxidase, an enzyme, was immobilized.•These Zn-MgO nanosensors perform well in detecting glucose concentrations ranging from 0 µL/mL-100 µL/mL.•At a glucose concentration of 100 µL/mL, enzymatic nanosensors demonstrated a peak current of 1.69 × 10-5 µA.
The sol–gel process was used to manufacture zinc-doped magnesium oxide nano-flakes (Zn-MgO nano-flakes), which were then distributed in chitosan solution to create a nanocomposite thin layer over a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Chitosan acts as a binder that provides strength and prevents the material on GCE from leaching out. Glucose oxidase (GOx or GOD) an enzyme has been immobilized on the fabricated CH-Zn-MgO nanocomposite thin film by using the physical adsorption method to form a CH-Zn-MgO-GOx nano-sensor. The enzyme GOx was used to enhance the activity of the nano-sensor by increasing the electron transfer rate. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and UV–vis spectroscopy were employed to characterize the samples in this study. The morphology of Zn-MgO was flakes-like. EDX analysis showed the presence of Zinc (Zn), Magnesium (Mg), and Oxygen (O). Cyclic voltammetry was performed by depositing Zn-MgO on a glassy carbon electrode. Enzymatic nano-sensors showed a peak current of 1.69 × 10-5 µA and non-enzymatic nano-sensors showed a peak current of 6.16 × 10-6 µA at 100 µL/mL glucose concentration. The synthesized nano-sensors were then used for the detection of glucose levels.