Abstract
Objective To assess the cost-effectiveness of mifepristone and misoprostol (MifeMiso) compared with misoprostol only for the medical management of a missed miscarriage.
Design Within-trial economic evaluation and model-based analysis to set the findings in the context of the wider economic evidence for a range of comparators. Incremental costs and outcomes were calculated using nonparametric bootstrapping and reported using cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Analyses were performed from the perspective of the UK's National Health Service (NHS).
Setting Twenty-eight UK NHS early pregnancy units.
Sample A cohort of 711 women aged 16-39 years with ultrasound evidence of a missed miscarriage.
Methods Treatment with mifepristone and misoprostol or with matched placebo and misoprostol tablets.
Main outcome measures Cost per additional successfully managed miscarriage and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs).
Results For the within-trial analysis, MifeMiso intervention resulted in an absolute effect difference of 6.6% (95% CI 0.7-12.5%) per successfully managed miscarriage and a QALYs difference of 0.04% (95% CI -0.01 to 0.1%). The average cost per successfully managed miscarriage was lower in the MifeMiso arm than in the placebo and misoprostol arm, with a cost saving of 182 pound (95% CI 26- pound 338) pound. Hence, the MifeMiso intervention dominated the use of misoprostol alone. The model-based analysis showed that the MifeMiso intervention is preferable, compared with expectant management, and this is the current medical management strategy. However, the model-based evidence suggests that the intervention is a less effective but less costly strategy than surgical management.
Conclusions The within-trial analysis found that based on cost-effectiveness grounds, the MifeMiso intervention is likely to be recommended by decision makers for the medical management of women presenting with a missed miscarriage.
Tweetable abstract The combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is more effective and less costly than misoprostol alone for the management of missed miscarriages.