Abstract
Human or animal populations living at high altitude developed biological acclimations to adapt to a difficult climate described by reduced oxygen availability. The conditions of high altitude affect the gut microbiota composition. Metagenomics, or the examination of microbial communities, exploit propels in sequencing advancement and assessment strategies to completely look at microbial communities. We used metagenomics examination to analyze the gut bacterial between the experimental group presented to the high-elevation hypoxic condition (H) and the control group at sea level (S). Therefore, the relative abundance was analyzed at levels of Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species of Bacteria in both examined areas. Result indicated that the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased in H level (55.3%) but Bacteroidetes decreased (7.2 %) but at S level, Firmicutes was 23.7% and Bacteroidetes was 18.5%. Class Bacilli was the major at H level (49.4%) while Bacteroidia was the dominat (18%) at S level. Order Lactobacillales (48.7%) at H level was the dominat but at S level, Bacteroidales was the major order 17.9%. Helicobacter was the main Genus (12%) at S level, meanwhile, Lactobacillus (47.8%) at H level was the dominant. The dominant Species at S level was Helicobacter apodetnus (9.4%) but Lactobacillus acidophilus was the main species at H level with a ratio of 17.4%. Our finding revealed that Lactobacillus was the dominant at H level. This genus use fermentation of carbohydrates to produce the lactic acid as a major end-product and grow better under microaerophilic conditions. This may indicate the reason of the increase of this Genus in H region (low oxygen environment). Other investigations are needed to examine the metabolism of these bacteria in both regions to assess their correlation with organisms living at high altitudes.