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Design and characterisation of a very low current to frequency convertor
Journal article

Design and characterisation of a very low current to frequency convertor

A El-Hennawy, N Saleh and D Borel
IEE Proceedings, Vol.132(5), pp.184-188
01/10/1985

Abstract

A current to frequency convertor (CFC), fully integrated in aluminum gate p- channel enhancement/depletion MOS technology, is proposed. It is designed for measuring low level currents (10 to the -13th to 10 to the -18th A). A feedback loop is used to obtain good linearity (better than 5 percent). Experimentally, the CFC works in the range 5 x 10 to the -13th to 5 x 10 to the -8th A. Some nonlinearity problems are observed and explained in the paper. (Author)

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