Abstract
Structural insulated panels (SIPs) have been applied in building structures as curtain walls since the early 1960s, where the panels typically deliver sufficient composite action to satisfy structural specifications. SIPs have an insulation layer that provides high thermal resistance and is placed between concrete wythes and joined using mechanical connectors. The need for improved thermal performance and structural efficiency in building construction has accelerated the development of precast concrete panels over the past several years. Moreover, innovative high-performance concrete has allowed for lighter and thinner concrete wythes that are capable of transferring shear loads between panel layers and minimising localized heat loss. This has encouraged many engineers and builders, in recent years, to utilize current developments in SIP technology for building construction. As such, a systematic review of SIPs is indeed timely and this paper provides a thorough examination of the design innovation, design geometry components, formulation, degree of compositeness, and properties of SIPs. Additionally, insights on SIP design and applications were also given to ensure adequate efficiency, structural integrity, sustainability, comfort, and safety of housing occupants.