Abstract
Active electrocatalytic electrode designs are needed for the sensitive and selective detection of a single or multi-active biomolecule among biological components. We report the design of hierarchical NiO catalyst (HNC) for one-step monitoring of bioactive molecules such as ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA), and uric acid (UA). The novel mesostructured geometries, active surface sites, and multi-diffused spaces for easy electron movement through gaps provide highly active electrocatalytic electrode designing surface. Controlled HNC architecture along electrode-design surface domains having double-head branches spread out along both sides of the dipole-like rod may lead to the vital electron transfer and fast response signaling of multi-bioactive molecules in one-shot triggering individually or simultaneously. Electrochemical analyses showed evidence that the proposed electrode design can detect each component up to 0.02 A mu M. Sensitive detection up to 1.127, 0.02, and 0.978 A mu M and wide-range responses of 25-800, 2-60, and 10-000 A mu M for AA, DA, and UA, respectively, were observed. The simultaneous monitoring and selective signaling of AA, DA, and UA in real urine samples in one step under different potentials were realized. Thus, the HNC-modified electrode can monitor and evaluate the coexistence of biomolecules simultaneously in multi-components.
The electrochemical oxidation of AA, DA, and UA at the HNC-modified electrode and the corresponding DPV peaks with losing of 2e(-)/2H(+).
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