Abstract
•A nonlinear controller based on integral terminal sliding mode (ITSMC) is proposed for the hybrid AC/DC microgrid.•Performance of the proposed controller is tested during islanding, and grid-connected mode.•Controller hardware-in-the-loop (C-HIL) tests are done to show the effectiveness of the proposed ITSMC.•Results show improved performance of the proposed ITSMC with respect to SMC and CLF.
Traditional power generation is in the midst of a major transformation, and renewable based microgrids are playing a key role in this energy structure transition. This paper investigates the design of a centralized nonlinear controller based on the integral terminal and fast integral terminal sliding mode control for hybrid AC/DC microgrid involving renewable distributed generator as a primary source, fuel cell (FC) as a secondary source, and battery-ultracapacitor as hybrid energy storage system (HESS). At first, the detailed mathematical model of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid is established. Then, the controller is designed with the main objective to ensure the constant DC and AC bus voltage during islanding and grid-connected mode. During grid-connected mode, the controller is capable of providing frequency support to the utility grid. After that, the asymptotic stability of the hybrid AC/DC microgrid is proved using Lyapunov stability criteria. Then, the performance and robustness of the proposed control approach are tested by simulating it on MATLAB/Simulink, and the results are compared with sliding mode controller and Lyapunov redesign. Finally, real-time hardware in the loop tests are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.