Abstract
Second Life (SL) is a three-dimensional (3D) virtual world, and educational institutions are adopting SL to support their teaching and learning. Although the question of how 3D learning spaces should be designed to support student learning and engagement has been raised among SL educators and designers, there is hardly any guidance or research in this area. In this article, we report an empirical study in which we have elicited educators', designers' and students' perceptions of learning spaces within SL. Based on this empirical research, we have presented some design considerations for SL educators and designers who are involved in designing learning activities and spaces in SL. We hope that the design guidance and examples described in this article will support educators and designers to design learning spaces that foster students' socialisation, informal learning, collaboration and creativity.