Abstract
Benzenesulfonohydrazide (BSH) derivatives were synthesized using a simple condensation technique from the precursors of benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-benzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde, benzenesulfonylhydrazine, and 4-methyl-benzenesulfonylhydrazine in a medium to good yield, which had been crystallized in acetone, ethyl-acetate, ethanol, and methanol. BSH compounds were characterized in details by using different spectroscopic techniques such as H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis. Structures of the BSH molecules were confirmed using a single crystal X-ray diffraction method (SCXRDM) and used for the selective detection of the heavy metal ion (HMI), cobalt (Co2+) using a reliable electrochemical approach. A thin layer of BSH derivatives were made onto a flat glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using a conducting binding agent (Nafion; Nf) in order to fabricate a sensitive and selective Co2+ sensor probe (BSH/Nf/GCE). Sensitivity, LOD, and LOQ of the modified sensor towards Co2+ were calculated from the calibration curve (CC) and found as 1582.3 pA mu M-1 cm(-2), approximate to 87.6 pM, and 292.0mM respectively. The BSH/Nf/GCE sensor was applied for the determination of Co2+ in spiked and extracted samples such as industrial effluent, red-sea water, well water, tap water, and PVC food packaging packs and found satisfactory and acceptable results.