Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study reported here was to evaluate the performance of a self-adhesive flowable composite and two self-etching adhesive systems, when subjected to cyclic loading, in preventing the nanoleakage of Class V restorations.
Methods: Wedge-shape Class V cavities were prepared (4x2x2 mm [length x width x depth]) on the buccal surfaces of 90 sound human premolars. Cavities were divided randomly into three groups (n=30) according to the used adhesive (Xeno (R) V [self-etching adhesive system]) and BOND-1 (R) SF (solvent-free self-etching adhesive system) in conjunction with Artiste (R) Nano Composite resin, and Fusio (TM) Liquid Dentin (self-adhesive flowable composite), consecutively. Each group was further divided into three subgroups (n=10): (A) control, (B) subjected to occlusal cyclic loading (90N for 5,000 cycles), and (C) subjected to occlusal cyclic loading (90N for 10,000 cycles). Teeth then were coated with nail polish up to 1 mm from the interface, immersed in 50% silver nitrate solution for 24 hours and tested for nanoleakage using the environmental scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive analysis X-ray analysis. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests (P <= 0.05).
Results: The Fusio Liquid Dentin group showed statistically significant lower percentages of silver penetration (0.55 mu) compared with the BOND-1 SF (3.45 mu) and Xeno V (3.82 mu) groups, which were not statistically different from each other, as they both showed higher silver penetration.
Conclusion: Under the test conditions, the self-adhesive flowable composite provided better sealing ability. Aging of the two tested adhesive systems, as a function of cyclic loading, increased nanoleakage.